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| ŠIBENIK AND REGION / History |
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History doesn't say the precise date of the building of the town of Sibenik, but it is probable that it happened in the IX century. It is first mentioned in 1066 during Croatian king Petar Kresimir IV.
Joining the state union with Hungaria in 1102. Croatian-Hungarian king became sovereigns of Sibenik. It was taken by Venetians in 1116 and kept until 1124. With a peace treaty between Croatia-Hungaria and Bysant it became property of Bysant until 1180. After that it was taken back to Croatian-Hungarian state. In 13 th century aristocratic family of Subic-Bribirski became princes of Sibenik. With their help, pope Bonifacius VIII in 1298 declares Sibenik as a town and orders a constitution of dioceses. That is very important event for Sibenik in political sense, because it means equality with other towns.
It was under rule of Venice for four centuries. Venice acknowledged Sibenik as autonomous community.
Since the 7 th decade of XV century there was a negative influence for development of town from the fact that Turks started to invade the area around 1468. For two centuries the citizens of Sibenik had to defend themselves from Turks. It was protected by the fort of Sv. Nikola from the sea, that Venetians build on the entrance to the channel of Sibenik in 1540.
Period of fragile peace was between 1608., when Sibenik gets its printed statute, and the beginning of war between Venice and Turkey 1645-1699. Sibenik builds the fort Sv. Ivan and fort Baron Degenfeld (Subicevac).
With a break of Venetian state in Sibenik in 1797, the town council managed to bring Sibenik to the rule of Croatian-Hungarian king Franjo II, also emperor of Austria. First Austrian administration was from 1797 until 1805 when after the French victory in French-Austrian war, Sibenik went under French rule that was very short. In 1814 Sibenik goes under second Austrian administration.
In 1877 Sibenik gets a railway to Split, Siveric and Knin, in 1879 aqueduct , in 1870 theatre, and in the 1883 a construction of hospital was finished. In the cascades of the river Krka in 1895 a power plant was built that enabled public lightening in the town. From 6 000 inhabitants in 1870 it grew to 10 000 in 1900.
After deconstruction of Austria in 1918 Sibenik became part of the State of Slovenians, Croats and Serbs, but in the 1918 italian forces occupy Sibenik ant the occupation lasts until 1921 (Treaty of Rapallo) when it is back in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenians. In the April of 1941 Italians occupied it. After the capitulation of Italy in 1943 German forces took it, and 03.11.1944 local partisans liberated it.
Croatian parliament constituted after democratic elections on 25.VI.1991 proclaimed independence from SFRJ and declared sovereignty.
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